Biological effects of ghosts

Role of lysozyme in the biological activity of bacteriophage ghosts.

Although it is generally accepted that phage lysozyme is necessary for the release of mature phage from infected cells (3, 12), its role in the initiation of infection is less clear. It has been considered for some time that lysozyme is incorporated into the protein coat of some phages (1, 9, 16), thereby assisting in the injection of the phage deoxyribonucleic acid into the cell by hydrolyzing...

GHOSTS I . The Effects of Protein Removal

We have used freeze-etching and S D S p o l y a c r y l a m i d e gel e lec t rophores is to study the condi t ions under which the i n t r a me mbra ne par t ic les of the human e ry throcy te ghost may be aggregated. The f ibrous m e m b r a n e protein, spectrin, can be a lmos t ent i re ly removed from ery throcy te ghosts with lit t le or no change in the d is t r ibut ion of the part icle...

Ghosts of ghosts for second class constraints

When one uses the Dirac bracket, second class constraints become first class. Hence, they are amenable to the BRST treatment characteristic of ordinary first class constraints. This observation is the starting point of a recent investigation by Batalin and Tyutin, in which all the constraints are put on the same footing. However, because second class constraints identically vanish as operators ...

Lecture Notes on Ghosts & Differential Ghosts

Lecture 10 on Differential Equations & Differential Invariants and Lecture 11 on Differential Equations & Proofs equipped us with powerful tools for proving properties of differential equations without having to solve them. Differential invariants (dI) [Pla10a, Pla12] prove properties of differential equations by induction based on the right-hand side of the differential equation, rather than i...

Ghosts of Company.